将PHP cURL转换为JavaScript(连接到WCF服务） - Translate PHP cURL to JavaScript (connect to WCF service)

我有一个WCF API，我必须连接到它。我没有真正访问它的代码，但这很有效：

$user = "login";
$password = "pwdstr";
$service_credentials = "external_api_user:sometext";
$arg = $user.'|'.sha1($user."somestr".$password);
$url='https://mysteryUrl.svc/projectsapi/' . $arg;
// Get cURL resource        
$curl = curl_init();
// Set some options - we are passing in a useragent too here        
curl_setopt_array($curl, array(
    CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER => 1,
    CURLOPT_URL => $url,
    CURLOPT_USERAGENT => 'Codular Sample cURL Request',
    CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER => array("Authorization: " . base64_encode("Basic " + service_credentials))));
// Send the request & save response to $resp        
$resp = curl_exec($curl);
// Close request to clear up some resources        
curl_close($curl);
echo $resp;

我希望我的网页能从同一个api获取数据。到目前为止，我已经做到了这一点：

function requestFromApi() {
    var user = "login";
    var password = "pwdstr";
    var service_credentials = "external_api_user:sometext";
    var arg = user + '|' + sha1(user + "somestr" + password);
    var url = 'https://mysteryUrl.svc/projectsapi/' + arg;
    $.ajax({
      url: url,
      beforeSend: function(xhr) { 
        xhr.setRequestHeader("Authorization",  base64_encode("Basic " + service_credentials));
        xhr.setRequestHeader("User-Agent",'Codular Sample cURL Request');
      },
      type: 'GET',
      dataType: 'json',
      contentType: 'application/json',
      success: function (data) {
        alert(JSON.stringify(data));
      },
      error: function(){
        alert("Cannot get data");
      }
      });
};

这当然是行不通的。我对网络开发完全陌生，所以任何帮助都将不胜感激。

Chrome控制台在加载页面时抛出这个：

Refused to set unsafe header "User-Agent" 
 XMLHttpRequest cannot load http s://verylongUrlAsInTheCodeAbove. No 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' header is present on the requested resource. Origin 'null' is therefore not allowed access. The response had HTTP status code 400.

如何设置标题？在我看来，至少有一个问题是试图访问不同的域，那么我该怎么做呢？

是否有其他方法可以使用JavaScript访问此API？制作一个愚蠢的PHP"API"，基本上只需重新发送我的数据就可以了吗？我对提议持开放态度。提前感谢！

编辑：我使用了JSONP:

 <head>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-2.1.1.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.mobile-1.4.5/jquery.mobile-1.4.5.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="js/functions.js"></script>
    <script>
    alert('1');
        $(document).ready(function requestFromApi() {
        var user = "login";
        var password = "pwdstr";
        var service_credentials = "external_api_user:sometext";
        var arg = user + '|' + sha1(user + "somestr" + password);
        var url='https://mysteryUrl.svc/projectsapi/' + arg;
       $.ajax({
        url: url+"?callback=?",
        beforeSend: function(xhr) { 
          xhr.setRequestHeader("Authorization",  base64_encode("Basic " + service_credentials) );
          xhr.setRequestHeader("User-Agent",'Codular Sample cURL Request');
            },
        type: 'GET',
        dataType: 'json',
        contentType: 'application/json',
        success: function (dataWeGotViaJsonp) {
            alert(dataWeGotViaJsonp);
        },
        error: function(){
          alert("Cannot get data");
        }
        });
        });
        alert('2');
    </script>
</head>

现在我收到Bad请求错误。那么错误可能在哪里呢？

您正处于良好的路径上，您遇到的错误是因为您的WPF服务器没有启用CORS标头，CORS标头会告诉Web浏览器哪些域可以连接到服务器，如果当前域不允许，浏览器会拒绝连接。

有关如何在WPF上启用CORS的示例：http://enable-cors.org/server_wcf.html.