我正在编写一个处理PHP Web服务路由的类,但我需要更正正则表达式,我想知道解析url的最有效方法是什么。
示例URL:
- POST/用户
- GET/用户
- 获取/用户&limit=10&偏移=0
- 获取/用户/搜索&keyword=理查德
- GET/users/15/posts/38
我想在PHP中为类创建的是:
$router = new Router();
$router->addRoute('POST', '/users', function(){});
$router->addRoute('GET', '/users/:uid/posts/:pid', function($uid, $pid){});
$target = $router->doRouting();
目标变量现在将包含一个数组,其中包含:
- 方法
- url
- 回调方法
这就是我目前所得到的:
class Router{
use Singleton;
private $routes = [];
private $routeCount = 0;
public function addRoute($method, $url, $callback){
$this->routes[] = ['method' => $method, 'url' => $url, 'callback' => $callback];
$this->routeCount++;
}
public function doRouting(){
$reqUrl = $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'];
$reqMet = $_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'];
for($i = 0; $i < $this->routeCount; $i++){
// Check if the url matches ...
// Parse the arguments of the url ...
}
}
}
所以我需要一个正则表达式,首先:
- /mainAction/:argumentNamesecondary Action/:secondary ActionName
检查它是否与$reqUrl匹配(请参阅上面for循环中的)
- 提取参数,这样我们就可以在回调函数中使用它们
我自己尝试的:
(code should be in the for loop @ doRouting function)
// Extract arguments ...
$this->routing[$i]['url'] = str_replace(':arg', '.+', $this->routing[$i]['url']);
// Does the url matches the routing url?
if(preg_match('#^' . $this->routes[$i]['url'] . '$#', $reqUrl)){
return $this->routes[$i];
}
我真的很感激大家的帮助,非常感谢。
现在基本上可以工作了。
public function doRouting(){
// I used PATH_INFO instead of REQUEST_URI, because the
// application may not be in the root direcory
// and we dont want stuff like ?var=value
$reqUrl = $_SERVER['PATH_INFO'];
$reqMet = $_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'];
foreach($this->routes as $route) {
// convert urls like '/users/:uid/posts/:pid' to regular expression
$pattern = "@^" . preg_replace('/''':[a-zA-Z0-9'_'-]+/', '([a-zA-Z0-9'-'_]+)', preg_quote($route['url'])) . "$@D";
$matches = Array();
// check if the current request matches the expression
if($reqMet == $route['method'] && preg_match($pattern, $reqUrl, $matches)) {
// remove the first match
array_shift($matches);
// call the callback with the matched positions as params
return call_user_func_array($route['callback'], $matches);
}
}
}
PS:您不需要$routeCount
属性
很好的答案@MarcDefiant。我遇到的最干净的PHP路由器。做了一个小的修改来支持正则表达式。不确定为什么使用preq_quote?
较小的todo是将数组强制转换为assoc数组。例如,将['0'=>1]替换为['id'=<1]
function matchRoute($routes = [], $url = null, $method = 'GET')
{
// I used PATH_INFO instead of REQUEST_URI, because the
// application may not be in the root direcory
// and we dont want stuff like ?var=value
$reqUrl = $url ?? $_SERVER['PATH_INFO'];
$reqMet = $method ?? $_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'];
$reqUrl = rtrim($reqUrl,"/");
foreach ($routes as $route) {
// convert urls like '/users/:uid/posts/:pid' to regular expression
// $pattern = "@^" . preg_replace('/''':[a-zA-Z0-9'_'-]+/', '([a-zA-Z0-9'-'_]+)', preg_quote($route['url'])) . "$@D";
$pattern = "@^" . preg_replace('/:[a-zA-Z0-9'_'-]+/', '([a-zA-Z0-9'-'_]+)', $route['url']) . "$@D";
// echo $pattern."'n";
$params = [];
// check if the current request params the expression
$match = preg_match($pattern, $reqUrl, $params);
if ($reqMet == $route['method'] && $match) {
// remove the first match
array_shift($params);
// call the callback with the matched positions as params
// return call_user_func_array($route['callback'], $params);
return [$route, $params];
}
}
return [];
}
$match = matchRoute([
[
'method' => 'GET',
'url' => '/:id',
'callback' => function($req) {
exit('Hello');
}
],
[
'method' => 'GET',
'url' => '/api/(.*)', // Match all /api/hello/test/...
'callback' => function($req) {
print_r($req);
exit('cool');
}
]
]);
list($route,$params) = $match;
call_user_func_array($route['callback'], [$params]);