我想将一个数组与一个文本字符串进行匹配，其中与数组键匹配的单词将被一个带有匹配数组值的标题的span标记所替换。
我可以用str_ireplace这样做，但是匹配的单词会丢失大小写:
$glossary = array(
'word1' => '<span title="Explanation for Word 1">word1</span>',
'word2' => '<span title="Explanation for Word 2">word2</span>',
'word3' => '<span title="Explanation for Word 3">word3</span>'
);
$text = "This is a text about Word1. We also talk about word2 and WORD3. Also woRd3, word2 and WORD1";
list($keys, $values) = array_divide($glossary);
$result = str_ireplace($keys, $values, $text);
如前所述，这是有效的，但在这个解决方案中，所有匹配的单词都将是小写的。
我想实现的是:
'This is a text about <span title="Explanation for Word 1">Word1</span>.
We also talk about <span title="Explanation for Word 2">word2</span> and
<span title="Explanation for Word 3">WORD3</span>.
Also <span title="Explanation for Word 3">woRd3</span>,
<span title="Explanation for Word 2">word2</span>
and <span title="Explanation for Word 1">WORD1</span>'
进行替换，保持箱子完整。
我发现了一个很好的回复，接近但它只适用于在匹配的单词周围添加span标签，它不为标题添加第二个变量(php str_ireplace而不丢失大小写)。
我不知道足够的正则表达式(它让我眼花缭乱)通过为span标题添加第二个变量来改变它:
$txt = 'Hi! How are you doing? Have some stars: * * *!';
$array_of_words = array('Hi!', 'stars', '*');
$pattern = '#(?<=^|'W)('
. implode('|', array_map('preg_quote', $array_of_words))
. ')(?=$|'W)#i';
echo preg_replace($pattern,
"<span style='background-color:#EEEE00'>$1</span>", $txt);
你可以运行这个replace in循环:
$txt = 'Hi! How are you doing? Have some stars: * * *!';
$glossary = array(
'Hi!' => 'title 1',
'stars' => 'title 2',
'*' => 'title 3'
);
$result = $txt;
foreach ($glossary as $keyword => $title) {
$pattern = '#(?<=^|'W)('.preg_quote($keyword).')(?=$|'W)#i';
$result = preg_replace($pattern, "<span title='{$title}'>$1</span>", $result);
}
echo $result;
您可以使用一些常见的PHP函数来实现。
-
从
keys中创建一个模式数组，以不区分大小写的方式使用preg_replace_callback进行搜索。 -
将
$glossary传递给preg_replace_callback中的匿名函数，通过小写的当前匹配值获得值(<span>标题)，一旦找到，将小写的wordX替换为匹配。
$pttrns = array_map(function ($val) {return "/" . preg_quote($val) . "/i"; },
array_keys($glossary)); // Step 1
$res = preg_replace_callback($pttrns, function ($m) use($glossary){ // Step 2
return str_replace(strtolower($m[0]), $m[0],
$glossary[strtolower($m[0])]); // Step 3
}, $text);