为什么简单的PHP数组查找如此缓慢?我在这里做错什么了吗


How come a simple PHP array lookup is so slow? Am I doing something wrong here?

我有以下功能:

function percentToColor($percent){
    $minBrightness = 160;
    $maxBrightness = 255;
    // Remainins?
    $brightness = ((($minBrightness-$maxBrightness)/(100-0))*$percent+$maxBrightness);
    $first = (1-($percent/100))*$brightness;
    $second = ($percent/100)*$brightness;
    // Find the influence of the middle color (yellow if 1st and 2nd are red and green)
    $diff = abs($first-$second);
    $influence = ($brightness-$diff)/2;
    $first = intval($first + $influence);
    $second = intval($second + $influence);
    // Convert to HEX, format and return
    $firstHex = str_pad(dechex($first),2,0,STR_PAD_LEFT);
    $secondHex = str_pad(dechex($second),2,0,STR_PAD_LEFT);
    return $firstHex . $secondHex . '00';
}

此函数接受0到100之间的整数,并返回该数字的颜色信息。想象一个进度条,红色为0,绿色为100。这就是函数的作用。

所以我得到了这样的想法:如果这个函数总是为每个输入返回相同的颜色(即颜色不依赖于时间/用户/会话),那么更好的想法是创建一个带有结果的PHP数组,对吧?

所以我重写了函数:

function percentToColorNew($percent){
   $results = array(
      0 => 'ff0000',
      1 => 'fe0500',
      2 => 'fd0a00',
      3 => 'fc0f00',
      // ... continues with 4, 5, up until 100 ...
      99 => '03a000',
      100 => '00a000'
   );
   return $results[$percent];
}

我测试了一下。结果意想不到的事情发生了!新函数只返回结果数组中的结果,它占用的时间是原始函数的两倍,每次调用时都必须计算结果。

为什么会这样?PHP数组是否如此缓慢?有没有一种更快的方法来存储函数结果以加快函数的速度?也许是开关?如果/elsef是/else条件?使用数组的另一种方法?

它很慢,因为每次调用函数时都要初始化数组。

在函数之外设置数组,应该会更快。快速而肮脏的例子:

$results = array(
    0 => 'ff0000',
    1 => 'fe0500',
    2 => 'fd0a00',
    3 => 'fc0f00',
    // ... continues with 4, 5, up until 100 ...
    99 => '03a000',
    100 => '00a000'
);
function percentToColorNew($percent){
    global $results;
    return $results[$percent];
}

编辑:或者更好地使用static关键字:

function percentToColorNew($percent){
    static $results;
    if(!is_array($results)) {
        $results = array ( ... );
    }
    return $results[$percent];
}