我有一个简单的PHP脚本,它通过cURL发送HTTP POST请求,并期望一个json字符串作为响应(本来希望使用像pecl_http/HTTPRequest这样的现有库,但不能)。调用始终失败,并显示 415 错误 - 不支持的媒体类型。 我认为我没有正确配置 cURL,但经过大量搜索,我无法找出我做错了什么。 下面是一些代码:
class URLRequest
{
public $url;
public $headers;
public $params;
public $body;
public $expectedFormat;
public $method;
public function URLRequest($aUrl, array $aHeaders, array $aParams, $aFormat = "json", $isPost = false, $aBody = "+")
{
$this->url = $aUrl;
$this->headers = $aHeaders;
$this->params = $aParams;
$this->expectedFormat = $aFormat;
$this->method = ($isPost ? "POST" : "GET");
$this->body = $aBody;
}
public function exec()
{
$queryStr = "?";
foreach($this->params as $key=>$val)
$queryStr .= $key . "=" . $val . "&";
//trim the last '&'
$queryStr = rtrim($queryStr, "&");
$url = $this->url . $queryStr;
$request = curl_init();
curl_setopt($request, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
curl_setopt($request, CURLOPT_HEADER, 1);
curl_setopt($request, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $this->headers);
curl_setopt($request, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
//curl_setopt($request, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false);
if($this->method == "POST")
{
curl_setopt($request, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
curl_setopt($request, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $this->body);
//this prevents an additions code 100 from getting returned
//found it in some forum - seems kind of hacky
curl_setopt($request, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array("Expect:"));
}
$response = curl_exec($request);
curl_close($request);
preg_match("%(?<=HTTP/[0-9]'.[0-9] )[0-9]+%", $response, $code);
$resp = "";
if($this->expectedFormat == "json")
{
//parse response
}
elseif($this->expectedFormat == "xml")
{
//parse response
}
return $resp;
}
}
$url = "http://mydomain.com/myrestcall";
$query = array( "arg_1" => "test001",
"arg_2" => "test002",
"arg_3" => "test003");
$headers = array( "Accept-Encoding" => "gzip",
"Content-Type" => "application/json",
"Accept" => "application/json",
"custom_header_1" => "test011",
"custom_header_2" => "test012",
"custom_header_3" => "test013");
$body = array( "body_arg_1" => "test021",
"body_arg_2" => array("test022", "test023"),
"body_arg_3" => "test024");
$request = new URLRequest($url, $headers, $query, "json", true, $body);
$response = $request->exec();
。和响应:
HTTP/1.1 415 Unsupported Media Type
Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
X-Powered-By: Servlet 2.5; JBoss-5.0/JBossWeb-2.1
Content-Type: text/html;charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 1047
Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2012 16:30:44 GMT
<html><head><title>JBoss Web/2.1.3.GA - Error report</title></head><body><h1>HTTP Status 415 - </h1><p><b>type</b> Status report</p><p><b>message</b> <u></u></p><p><b>description</b> <u>The server refused this request because the request entity is in a format not supported by the requested resource for the requested method ().</u></p><h3>JBoss Web/2.1.3.GA</h3></body></html>
有什么见解或想法吗?
提前感谢!
问题解决了!问题是:
发送标头的关联数组不适用于 cURL。周围散布着几个论坛,展示了使用关联数组作为标题的示例。别这样!
正确的方法(也分散在互联网上,但我太密集了,没有注意到)是将标题键/值对构造为字符串,并在设置 CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER 选项时传递这些字符串的标准数组。
所以综上所述,
错:
$headers = array( "Accept-Encoding" => "gzip",
"Content-Type" => "application/json",
"custom_header_1" => "test011",
"custom_header_2" => "test012",
"custom_header_3" => "test013");
右:
$headers = array( "Accept-Encoding: gzip",
"Content-Type: application/json",
"custom_header_1: test011",
"custom_header_2: test012",
"custom_header_3: test013");
我希望这对其他一些高贵的傻瓜来说派上用场,以免他们像我一样浪费那么多时间进行调试。
如果我不得不猜测,我会假设同样的规则也适用于 POST 正文键/值对,这就是为什么@drew010关于使用 http_build_query()
或 json_encode()
来字符串化消息正文的评论也是一个好主意。
感谢大家的非常有用的评论,以及您的时间和考虑。 最后,对http流量(通过Wireshark捕获)的并排比较揭示了这个问题。
谢谢!
我认为问题是您将数组作为CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS
选项传递。 通过传递数组,这会强制POST
请求在服务器可能期望application/x-www-form-urlencoded
时使用multipart/form-data
。
尝试更改
curl_setopt($request, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $this->body);
自
curl_setopt($request, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, http_build_query($this->body));
有关更多信息以及此答案,请参阅http_build_query:我的 cURL 请求混淆了某些服务器?
我有用
$data ="data";
$headers = [
"Content-Type: application/json",
"X-Content-Type-Options:nosniff",
"Accept:application/json",
"Cache-Control:no-cache"
];
$auth = $USER . ":" . $PASSWORD;
$curl = curl_init();
curl_setopt($curl,CURLOPT_URL, $url);
curl_setopt($curl,CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
curl_setopt($curl,CURLOPT_ENCODING, "");
curl_setopt($curl,CURLOPT_MAXREDIRS, 10);
curl_setopt($curl,CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 0);
curl_setopt($curl,CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, true);
curl_setopt($curl,CURLOPT_HTTP_VERSION,CURL_HTTP_VERSION_1_1);
curl_setopt($curl,CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "POST");
curl_setopt($curl,CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, json_encode($data));
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_USERPWD, $auth);
curl_setopt($curl,CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);
$result = curl_exec($curl);
我遇到了同样的问题,我修复了更改标题的问题。
我的代码:
$authorization = 'authorization: Bearer '.trim($apiKey);
$header = [
'Content-Type: application/json',
$authorization
];
curl_setopt($session, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $header);
我不知道为什么数组函数不起作用:
curl_setopt($session, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array('Content-Type:
application/json',
$authorization));