循环通过 MySQL 在 php 中左连接与 2 个单独的查询


Looping through MySQL left join in php vs. 2 separate queries

>我的网站上有一个简单的问答部分,允许评论。我目前使用循环和 $_GET['id'] 值填充答案。这是我的查询

<?php
try{
   $parent=$_GET['id'];
   $post_type = "2";
   $stmt = $dbh->prepare(
    "SELECT p.post_id, p.content, p.author, p.created, pc.comment_id AS comment_id, pc.content AS comment_content
     FROM posts AS p
     LEFT JOIN posts_comments AS pc
     ON p.post_id = pc.parent_id
     WHERE p.post_type = :post_type AND  p.parent = :parent ");
   $stmt->bindParam(':parent', $parent, PDO::PARAM_INT);
   $stmt->bindParam(':post_type', $post_type, PDO::PARAM_INT);
   $stmt->execute();
   $answers_array = array();
   while ($answers = $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC)) {
        $answers_array[]= $answers;
   }
}
?>

这将在数组中返回以下结果

   Array ( 
[0] => Array ( 
        [post_id] => 12 
        [content] => I have an answer
        [author] => Author1
        [created] => 2012-06-09 21:43:56
        [comment_id] =>
        [comment_content] => ) 
[1] => Array ( 
        [post_id] => 13
        [content] => My second answer
        [author] => Author1
        [created] => 2012-06-10 06:30:58
        [comment_id] => 35
        [comment_content] => 1st comment ) 
[2] => Array ( 
        [post_id] => 13
        [content] => My second answer
        [author] => Author2
        [created] => 2012-06-10 06:30:58
        [comment_id] => 36
        [comment_content] => 2nd comment ) 
[3] => Array ( 
        [post_id] => 13
        [content] => My second answer
        [author] => Author2 
        [created] => 2012-06-10 06:30:58
        [comment_id] => 37
        [comment_content] => 3rd comment ) 
)

在我的问题.php页面上,我知道我需要用类似的东西循环浏览这些结果

<?php $answer_count = count($answers_array);
 for($x = 0; $x < $answer_count; $x++) {
 $answers = $answers_array[$x];
}
?>

我的问题 -

我不知道是使用两个单独的查询来提取与每个答案关联的注释,还是使用我上面的连接并使用 php 构建另一个数组。老实说,我不知道该怎么做。如果我使用连接,我想要一个看起来像这样的数组,但我不确定如何使用 php 中的循环构建它。

     Array ( 
[0] => Array ( 
        [post_id] => 12 
        [content] => I have an answer
        [author] => Author1 
        [created] => 2012-06-09 21:43:56 
        [comment_id] => 
        [comment_content] => ) 
[1] => Array ( 
        [post_id] => 13 
        [content] => My second answer
        [author] => Author1 
        [created] => 2012-06-10 06:30:58 
            Array( 
                   [1] => Array (
                       [comment_id] => 35
                       [comment_content] => 1st comment)
                   [2] => Array (
                       [comment_id] => 36
                       [comment_content] => 2nd comment)
                   [3] => Array (
                       [comment_id] => 37
                       [comment_content] => 3rd comment))

一旦我有了这样的数组,我想我可以在问题页面上的原始 php 循环中为每个数组做一个.php。

一个查询就可以了。正如你所拥有的,可能是更好的选择。你必须找出哪个更有效率,让MySQL承受压力,或者网络和PHP承受压力。让PHP承受压力比MySQL要好得多,但是MySQL具有"内置"功能,例如您想要的分组,然后离开MySQL并节省网络流量。

要完成此操作:将"ORDER BY p.post_id,pc.comment_id"添加到查询中 - 这将按顺序获取结果。

然后,如果您必须构建到数组中(尽管您可能可以在不使用数组的情况下直接处理,则该方法将是类似的):

$lastPostID = 0;
while ($row = $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC)) {
    if ($lastPostID <> $row['post_id']) {
        $lastPostID  = $row['post_id'];
        $answers[$lastPostID] = array('post_id' => $row['post_id'],
                                      'author_id' => $row['author_id'],
                                      etc
                                      'comments' => array() );
    }
    $answers[$lastPostID]['comments'][] = array('comment_id' => $row['comment_id'], 'coment' => $row['comment'] etc);
}

选择权在你。 每个都有其优点和缺点。 使用单个查询(显然是单个数据库调用)您只需要遍历数据集一次,但您有可能返回重复的数据。使用多个查询,您只能准确拉回所需的数据,但是(显然,多个数据库调用和)您必须迭代多组数据。

下面是单查询方法的脏实现(相同的基本流程适用于多查询方法,除了注释构建是它自己的循环)。但基本思想就在那里。您有一个答案图,在迭代记录时添加/检索它们,并附加注释。

while ($answers = $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC)) 
{
    $post_id = strval($answers['post_id']);
    if(!array_key_exists($post_id, $answers_array)) {
        $answers_array[$post_id] = array(
            'post_id' => $answers['post_id'],
            // ... assign other stuff ...
            'comments' => array()); //initialize the comments array
    }
    if(!empty($answers_array['comment_id'])) {
        $obj = $answers_array[$post_id];
        $obj['comments'][] = array(
            'comment_id' => $answers['comment_id'], 
            'comment_content' => $answers['comment_content']);
    }
}
您需要

使用 JOIN 通过单个查询返回所有结果,否则,您将进行多个查询,每个帖子一个。通过发出许多单独的查询,您将产生大量开销。

一个例外情况是,如果您想返回非常少量的帖子结果。

请务必按post_id、comment_id对查询进行排序。

要遍历组合结果,它看起来像这样:

$post_id = 0;
foreach($rows as $row) {
  // See if our post changed
  if ($post_id != $row['post_id']) {
    // Display the post and post header
    ..
    // Update the current post_id variable
    $post_id = $row['post_id'];
  }
  // Display the comment
}