SMTP连接失败，TLS已激活 - SMTP Connection fails with TLS activated

我正在使用PHPMailer向我的客户发送电子邮件。我想使用SSL/TLS发送它们，但这不起作用。我使用的是PHPMailer的原始示例脚本。当我评论这行：$mail->SMTPSecure = 'tls';并将凭据更改为非ssl SMTP时，它工作正常。否则我会得到这个错误：

"邮件未发送。邮件程序错误：SMTP连接（）失败。"

我已经在谷歌上搜索过了，发现了类似的问题，在php.ini中取消对;extension=php_openssl.dll的注释有帮助。但取消注释对我没有帮助，我用phpinfo（）检查了openssl是否已经启用，所以它应该可以工作还是？这是我在phpinfo（）中看到的：http://puu.sh/fyg5Z/a1ab5b0ea5.png

我使用的示例（使用我自己的smtp凭据的ofc）：

<?php
require 'PHPMailerAutoload.php';
$mail = new PHPMailer;
//$mail->SMTPDebug = 3;                               // Enable verbose debug output
$mail->isSMTP();                                      // Set mailer to use SMTP
$mail->Host = 'smtp1.example.com;smtp2.example.com';  // Specify main and backup SMTP servers
$mail->SMTPAuth = true;                               // Enable SMTP authentication
$mail->Username = 'user@example.com';                 // SMTP username
$mail->Password = 'secret';                           // SMTP password
$mail->SMTPSecure = 'tls';                            // Enable TLS encryption, `ssl` also accepted
$mail->Port = 465;                                    // TCP port to connect to
$mail->From = 'from@example.com';
$mail->FromName = 'Mailer';
$mail->addAddress('joe@example.net', 'Joe User');     // Add a recipient
$mail->addAddress('ellen@example.com');               // Name is optional
$mail->addReplyTo('info@example.com', 'Information');
$mail->addCC('cc@example.com');
$mail->addBCC('bcc@example.com');
$mail->addAttachment('/var/tmp/file.tar.gz');         // Add attachments
$mail->addAttachment('/tmp/image.jpg', 'new.jpg');    // Optional name
$mail->isHTML(true);                                  // Set email format to HTML
$mail->Subject = 'Here is the subject';
$mail->Body    = 'This is the HTML message body <b>in bold!</b>';
$mail->AltBody = 'This is the body in plain text for non-HTML mail clients';
if(!$mail->send()) {
    echo 'Message could not be sent.';
    echo 'Mailer Error: ' . $mail->ErrorInfo;
} else {
    echo 'Message has been sent';
}
?>

我该怎么修？我用我的电子邮件客户端thunderbird测试了SMTP TLS连接，它运行良好。

我在phpmailer github的已关闭问题部分找到了答案。我将引用开发商Synchro:

您不能将ssl与端口587一起使用。唯一可行的组合是tls/587和ssl/465，但您应该使用tls。它没有任何意义如果您的网站使用http或https，则会有所不同。

您可以使用php-tls/ssl-stram套接字发送电子邮件（本例使用STARTTLS命令启动与smtp服务器的tls/ssl连接）。它非常简单，您只需要在这里创建mime消息示例https://github.com/breakermind/PhpMimeParser/blob/master/PhpMimeClient_class.php带有附件和内联图像：

<?php
// Login email and password
$login = "your-email@cool.xx";
$pass = "123456";
ini_set('display_errors', 1);
ini_set('display_startup_errors', 1);
error_reporting(E_ALL);
$ctx = stream_context_create();
stream_context_set_option($ctx, 'ssl', 'verify_peer', false);
stream_context_set_option($ctx, 'ssl', 'verify_peer_name', false);
try{
    // echo $socket = stream_socket_client('ssl://smtp.gmail.com:587', $err, $errstr, 60, STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT, $ctx);
    echo $socket = stream_socket_client('tcp://smtp.gmail.com:587', $err, $errstr, 60, STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT, $ctx);
    if (!$socket) {
        print "Failed to connect $err $errstr'n";
        return;
    }else{
        // Http
        // fwrite($socket, "GET / HTTP/1.0'r'nHost: www.example.com'r'nAccept: */*'r'n'r'n");
        // Smtp
        echo fread($socket,8192);
        echo fwrite($socket, "EHLO cool.xx'r'n");
        echo fread($socket,8192);
        // Start tls connection
        echo fwrite($socket, "STARTTLS'r'n");
        echo fread($socket,8192);
        echo stream_socket_enable_crypto($socket, true, STREAM_CRYPTO_METHOD_SSLv23_CLIENT);
        // Send ehlo
        echo fwrite($socket, "EHLO cool.xx'r'n");
        echo fread($socket,8192);
        // echo fwrite($socket, "MAIL FROM: <hello@cool.com>'r'n");
        // echo fread($socket,8192);
        echo fwrite($socket, "AUTH LOGIN'r'n");
        echo fread($socket,8192);
        echo fwrite($socket, base64_encode($login)."'r'n");
        echo fread($socket,8192);
        echo fwrite($socket, base64_encode($pass)."'r'n");
        echo fread($socket,8192);
        echo fwrite($socket, "rcpt to: <to-email@boome.com>'r'n");
        echo fread($socket,8192);
        echo fwrite($socket, "DATA'n");
        echo fread($socket,8192);
        echo fwrite($socket, "Date: ".time()."'r'nTo: <to-email@boome.com>'r'nFrom:<zour-email@cool.xx'r'nSubject:Hello from php socket tls'r'n.'r'n");
        echo fread($socket,8192);
        echo fwrite($socket, "QUIT 'n");
        echo fread($socket,8192);
        /* Turn off encryption for the rest */
        // stream_socket_enable_crypto($fp, false);
        fclose($socket);
    }
}catch(Exception $e){
    echo $e;
}

尝试将端口465用于SMTPS（加密SMTP）

参见：

https://www.fastmail.com/help/technical/ssltlsstarttls.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple_Mail_Transfer_Protocol

在Pear::mail 中禁用SMTP TLS

在下面提到的路径中编辑文件。

/opt/lampp/lib/php/Net_SMTP/Net/SMTP.php

查找具有以下内容的行，

function auth($uid, $pwd, $method = '', $tls = true, $authz = '')

替换为：

function auth($uid, $pwd, $method = '', $tls = false, $authz = '')