PHP,网络抓取工具-我是永远循环,还是应该分配更多的内存,或者有更有效的方法来做到这一点


PHP, web scraping tool - am i looping forever, or should I allocate more memory, or is there a more efficient way to do this?

如果我将$number<=放入for循环25或<=50或<=75,这个脚本的工作方式正是我想要的,如果我输入100或更高,它会抛出一个错误:

致命错误:允许的内存大小67108864字节已用完(尝试分配24字节)/public_html/phpscraper/simplehtmldom_1_5/simple_html_dom.php在线1074

有更好的编码方法吗?从网站上获取数据似乎一点也不奇怪。我需要分配或初始化更多内存吗(没有经验)。它看起来并不是一个复杂的php任务。我也不知道这个网页是什么,我只是为一家公司做这件事,他们选择了这个目录。

感谢阅读。这是代码

<?php
include_once 'simple_html_dom.php';
echo 'Category, AvnetPartNumber, Manufacturer, Price, Availability,';
//number is the value of which item the page starts with
for($number = 0; $number <= 100; $number = $number + 25){

// Create DOM from URL or file
$url = "http://avnetexpress.avnet.com/store/em/EMController/_/N-?Ns=PartNumber|0&action=excess_inventory&catalogId=&cutTape=&inStock=&langId=-1&myCatalog=&npi=&proto=&regionalStock=&rohs=&storeId=500201&term=&topSellers=&No=".$number;
$html = file_get_html($url);
$i = 0;
// Find all images 
foreach($html->find('td[class=small dataTd]') as $element) {
    if($i == 1 || $i == 3 || $i == 4 || $i == 7 || $i == 8){
        echo $element->plaintext . ',' ;
    }
    if($i == 8){
        $i =0;
    }
    else{
        $i++;
    }

    }
}
?>

我会做一些不同的事情,首先我会使用curl(2个原因是它更快,通过设置useragent,你可以看起来像一个普通的浏览器),最后不用担心simple_html_dom,你可以用PHP内置的domDocument做什么。

此外,您不希望重置$i&8,因为每行有10列,这会使您的结果发生偏差,所以在9上重置将按预期创建新行,在我的示例中,我将所有数据放在一个数组中,但您应该将其放在数据库等中,正如您在4页中看到的那样,其峰值内存使用量为1.40MB,希望这会有所帮助。

<?php 
$url = 'http://avnetexpress.avnet.com/store/em/EMController/_/N-?Nn=50&Ns=PartNumber|0&action=excess_inventory&catalogId=&cutTape=&inStock=&langId=-1&myCatalog=&npi=&proto=&regionalStock=&rohs=&storeId=500201&term=&topSellers=&No=';
//4 pages
$result = run_scrap($url,100,25);
//Memory usage
$memory = array();
$memory['used'] = getReadableFileSize(memory_get_peak_usage());
$memory['total'] = ini_get("memory_limit").'B';
print_r($result);
print_r($memory); //Array ( [used] => 1.40 MB [total] => 128MB ) 
/** Result
 * Array
(
    [0] => Array
        (
            [title] => Logic and Timing - Crystals
            [partnum] => ##BP11DCRK430
            [manufactuere] => TOKO America
            [price] => $0.3149
            [availability] => 4500 Stock
        )
    [1] => Array
        (
            [title] => Inductor - Inductor Leaded
            [partnum] => #187LY-471J
            [manufactuere] => TOKO America
            [price] => $0.3149
            [availability] => 100 Stock
        )
...
*/

function run_scrap($url,$total_items=100,$step=25){
    $range = range(0,$total_items,$step);
    $result = array();
    foreach($range as $page){
        $src    = curl_get($url.$page);
        $result = array_merge($result,process($src));
    }
    return $result;
}
function process($src){
    $return = array();
    $dom = new DOMDocument("1.0","UTF-8");
    @$dom->loadHTML($src);
    $dom->preserveWhiteSpace = false;
    $return = array();
    $i=0;
    $r=0;
    foreach($dom->getElementsByTagName('td') as $ret) {
        if($ret->getAttribute('class') == 'small dataTd'){
            switch($i){
                case 1:
                    $return[$r]['title'] = trim($ret->nodeValue);
                    break;
                case 3:
                    $return[$r]['partnum'] = trim($ret->nodeValue);
                    break;
                case 4:
                    $return[$r]['manufactuere'] = trim($ret->nodeValue);
                    break;
                case 7:
                    $return[$r]['price'] = trim($ret->nodeValue);
                    break;
                case 8:
                    $return[$r]['availability'] = trim($ret->nodeValue);
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }
            //Reset after col 9
            if($i == 9){
                $i = 0;
                $r++;
            }else{
                $i++;
            }
        }
    }
    return $return;
}
function curl_get($url){
    $return = '';
    (function_exists('curl_init')) ? '' : die('cURL Must be installed!');
    $curl = curl_init();
    $header[0] = "Accept: text/xml,application/xml,application/json,application/xhtml+xml,";
    $header[0] .= "text/html;q=0.9,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5";
    $header[] = "Cache-Control: max-age=0";
    $header[] = "Connection: keep-alive";
    $header[] = "Keep-Alive: 300";
    $header[] = "Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7";
    $header[] = "Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5";
    curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
    curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_USERAGENT, 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; pl-PL; rv:1.9.0.2) Gecko/2008092313 Ubuntu/9.25 (jaunty) Firefox/3.8');
    curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $header);
    curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0);
    curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
    curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, true);
    curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 30);
    curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false);
    $result = curl_exec($curl);
    curl_close($curl);
    return $result;
}

//Debug Function - not related to the scrapper
function getReadableFileSize($size, $retstring = null) {
    $sizes = array('bytes', 'kB', 'MB', 'GB', 'TB', 'PB', 'EB', 'ZB', 'YB');
    if ($retstring === null) { $retstring = '%01.2f %s'; }
    $lastsizestring = end($sizes);
    foreach ($sizes as $sizestring) {
        if ($size < 1024) { break; }
        if ($sizestring != $lastsizestring) { $size /= 1024; }
    }
    if ($sizestring == $sizes[0]) { $retstring = '%01d %s'; }
    return sprintf($retstring, $size, $sizestring);
}
?>
<?
require_once("SimpleHtmlDom/simple_html_dom.php");
$_htmlDom = new simple_html_dom();
echo 'Category, AvnetPartNumber, Manufacturer, Price, Availability,';
//number is the value of which item the page starts with
for($number = 0; $number <= 200; $number += 25){
    // Create DOM from URL or file
    $url = "http://avnetexpress.avnet.com/store/em/EMController/_/N-?Ns=PartNumber|0&action=excess_inventory&catalogId=&cutTape=&inStock=&langId=-1&myCatalog=&npi=&proto=&regionalStock=&rohs=&storeId=500201&term=&topSellers=&No=".$number;
    $html = file_get_contents($url);
    $_htmlDom->load($html);
    $i = 0;
    $elementList = $_htmlDom->find('td[class=small dataTd]');
    // Find all images 
    foreach($elementList as $element) {
        if($i == 1 || $i == 3 || $i == 4 || $i == 7 || $i == 8){
            echo $element->plaintext . ',' ;
        }
        if($i == 8){
            $i = 0;
        }else{
            $i++;
        }
        flush();
    }
}
?>

这个版本在128MB RAM NAS中测试(实际上它小于80MB RAM),它是有效的
我只是修改了一些东西:

  1. 更改为OO
  2. 使用`$elementList`变量存储`'td[class=small dataId]'`
  3. 测试数量最多200
  4. 已添加`flush()`

问题似乎与您的代码无关。当您增加$number时,您正在增加(看起来是)搜索返回的结果数。

返回的结果越多,生成的网页就越大,因此最终会得到更多的DOM节点和链接。问题是,当您尝试调用$html->find()时,内存(在PHP中)将耗尽。我不确定这个解析器是如何工作的,但当您加载脚本时,它可能会将所有节点解析到内存中。

解决方案是提高PHP的内存限制,或者每次请求的结果少于100个,因为这似乎是内存耗尽的时候。

您可以通过在脚本开头调用ini_set('memory_limit', '128M');来增加内存限制。注:我刚刚从哪里选了128M。将其设置为您认为需要的任何值。