异常';PDOException';带有消息';SQLSTATE[HY000]:一般错误:1接近“)&


exception 'PDOException' with message 'SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 1 near ")" laravel

我正在学习laracast上的laravel 5教程,我收到了这个错误。

异常"PDOException",消息为"SQLSTATE[HY000]:一般错误:1靠近")":

Schema::create('articles', function(Blueprint $table)
    {

        $table->increments('id');
        $table->Integer('user_id')->unsigned();
        $table->string('title');
        $table->text('body');
        $table->timestamps();
        $table->timestamp('published_at');

        $table->foreign('user_id')
            ->refrences('id')
            ->on('users')
            ->onDelete('cascade');
    });

您在"refracts('id)"上有一个拼写错误。您的迁移应该是这样的:

<?php
use Illuminate'Database'Schema'Blueprint;
use Illuminate'Database'Migrations'Migration;
class Test extends Migration {
/**
 * Run the migrations.
 *
 * @return void
 */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('articles', function(Blueprint $table)
        {
            $table->increments('id');
            $table->integer('user_id')->unsigned();
            $table->string('title');
            $table->text('body');
            $table->timestamps();
            $table->timestamp('published_at');
            $table->foreign('user_id')
            ->references('id')
            ->on('users')
            ->onDelete('cascade');
        });
     }
/**
 * Reverse the migrations.
 *
 * @return void
 */
public function down()
{
    Schema::table('articles', function(Blueprint $table){
        $table->dropForeign('articles_user_id_foreign');
        });
        Schema::drop('articles');
    }
}