Php，如何交换两个关联数组键

另一个解决方案，对于任意

$array = array(
    'a' => 1,
    'b' => 2,
    'c' => 3,
    'd' => 4
);
print_r($array);
$myNewOrder = ['a','c','d','b'];
$result = [];
foreach($myNewOrder as $key){
    $result[$key] = $array[$key];
}
$array = $result;
print_r($array);

Array
(
    [a] => 1
    [b] => 2
    [c] => 3
    [d] => 4
)
Array
(
    [a] => 1
    [c] => 3
    [d] => 4
    [b] => 2
)

一个可能的解决方案需要使用http://eosrei.net/articles/2011/11/php-arrayinsertafter-arrayinsertbefore的array_insert_before -函数(我不确定版权，所以我不在这里复制他的函数体)。

然后可以简单地声明另外两个函数:

function replaceKey(array &$arr, $keyFrom, $keyTo) {
    array_insert_before($keyFrom, $arr, $keyTo, $arr[$keyFrom]);
    unset($arr[$keyFrom]);
}
function swapKeys(array &$arr, $key1, $key2) {
    // $arr = array(x => a, y => b, z => c), $key1 = x, $key2 = z
    // generate a random value for "tmp" that is not a key of any element in $arr
    for($tmpName = 0; isset($arr[$tmpName]); $tmpName++);
    // array(tmp => a, y => b, z => c);
    replaceKey($arr, $key1, $tmpName);
    // array(tmp => a, y => b, x => c);
    replaceKey($arr, $key2, $key1);
    // array(z => a, y => b, x => c);
    replaceKey($arr, $tmpName, $key2);
}

没有保证，没有测试!这只是一个概念!

正如在注释中所说，这是一个由您定义的任意顺序。也就是说，这里有一个使用辅助数组的简单(但不可扩展)方法。

<?php
    $start = array(
        "a" => 1,
        "b" => 2,
        "c" => 3,
        "d" => 4
    );
    $aux = array(
        "a" => $start["a"],
        "c" => $start["b"],
        "b" => $start["c"],
        "d" => $start["d"],
    );
    $start = $aux;
    var_dump($start);
    die();
?>

这是一种更具可扩展性和程序化的方法。我使用了一个aux数组和一个translate数组。

<?php
    $start = array(
        "a" => 1,
        "b" => 2,
        "c" => 3,
        "d" => 4
    );
    $translate = array(
        "a" => "a",
        "b" => "c",
        "c" => "b",
        "d" => "d"
    );
    $aux = array();
    foreach($translate as $old => $new) {
        $aux[$new] = $start[$old];
    }
    $start = $aux;
    var_dump($start);
    die();
?>

我相信这就是您所需要的函数。

function shuffle_assoc($array) {
    $keys = array_keys($array);
    shuffle($keys);
    foreach($keys as $key) {
        $new[$key] = $array[$key];
    }
    $array = $new;    
    return $array;
}

如果OP想提供一个特定的订单:

function shuffle_assoc_by_order($array, $order) {
    foreach($order as $key) {
        $new[$key] = $array[$key];
    }
    $array = $new;    
    return $array;
}

use: shuffle_assoc_by_order($input, ['a', 'c', 'b', 'd']);

[EDITED]新答案-如果任意定义，奇数先，偶数后

$b=array_flip($array);
foreach ($b as $k => $v) {
    ($k % 2 == 0)?$even[$k]=$v:$odd[$k]=$v;
}
$n=$odd+$even;
$n=array_flip($n);
//print_r($n);

最短和最甜(先前-如果不是任意定义的)

$b=array_flip($array);
shuffle($b);
$new=array_flip($b);
//print_r($new);

谢谢你的回答，这并不像我想象的那么容易。我为它写了一个通用函数:

/**
 * @return array
 */
public final static function swapAssociativeKeys (array &$array, $key1, $key2)
{
    for ($i = 0; $i < sizeof($array); $i++)
    {
        if (array_keys($array)[$i] == $key1)
        {
            $key1at = $i;
        }
        if (array_keys($array)[$i] == $key2)
        {
            $key2at = $i;
        }
    }
    if ($key1at > $key2at)
    {
        $i = $key1at;
        $key1at = $key2at;
        $key2at = $i;
    }
    $order = array();
    for ($i = 0; $i < sizeof($array); $i++)
    {
        if ($i == $key1at)
        {
            $order[] = array_keys($array)[$key2at];
        }
        else
        {
            if ($i == $key2at)
            {
                $order[] = array_keys($array)[$key1at];
            }
            else
            {
                $order[] = array_keys($array)[$i];
            }
        }
    }
    $return = array();
    foreach ($order as $i)
    {
        $return[$i] = $array[$i];
    }
    return $return;
}